- The Ecological Footprint is based on the fact that all earthly resources come from the earth. It considers the flow of energy and matter from countries economy and converts these into the corresponding land/water area required for nature to support these flows. The Ecological Footprint is defined as the required 'productive area' of land and water ecosystems,to produce the resources that a population consumes and assimilate the waste that it discharges,wherever the land and water resources are located on earth.
- The total “footprint” for a designated population’s activities is measured in terms of ‘global hectares.’ A global hectare (acre) is one hectare (2.47 acres) of biologically productive space with an annual productivity equal to the world average.
- Ecological Footprint also measures different services provided by the global hectares, such as yield from farm lands, products from animals, fish, products from fishes, built up areas, and energy and water use. An analysis of such services helps in identifying areas which have greater impact on our Ecological reserves.This helps in framing sustainable policies.
- The measurement of Ecological Footprint is done using yields of primary products such as cropland, forest, grazing land and fisheries,to calculate the area necessary to support a activities of human population there. Bio capacity is calculated by measuring the area of biologically productive land and sea available to provide the resources a population consumes and to assimilate its wastes.
- A nation’s Ecological account is calculated by comparing its footprint with its Bio-capacity.This helps in understanding a country’s ecological impact. For example,a country has an ecological reserve if its footprint is smaller than its biocapacity; otherwise it is operating with an environmental-deficit.
- ECOLOGICAL Foot Print by Country -
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